Quizzes TEAS Science Quiz Practice Test ByRyan June 9, 2025June 9, 2025 Science Quiz 1 / 100 What is the difference between genotype and phenotype? DNA versus RNA Genetic makeup versus observable traits Dominant versus recessive Male versus female Explanation: Genotype refers to an organism's genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to observable physical characteristics. 2 / 100 Which part of the ear is responsible for hearing? Outer ear Middle ear Cochlea Semicircular canals Explanation: The cochlea in the inner ear contains hair cells that convert sound vibrations into nerve impulses for hearing. 3 / 100 What is meta-analysis? Single large study Analysis of multiple studies Laboratory technique Statistical software Explanation: Meta-analysis combines results from multiple studies to draw broader conclusions with increased statistical power. 4 / 100 What is the primary function of root hairs in plants? Photosynthesis Water absorption Structural support Reproduction Explanation: Root hairs increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption from the soil. 5 / 100 What is the valence shell? Outermost electron shell Innermost electron shell Shell with most electrons Shell closest to nucleus Explanation: The valence shell is an atom's outermost electron shell, which determines chemical bonding behavior. 6 / 100 Which structure regulates body temperature? Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Pineal gland Hypothalamus Explanation: The hypothalamus acts as the body's thermostat, regulating temperature through various physiological mechanisms. 7 / 100 What is the placebo effect? Side effect of medication Improvement due to expectation Statistical measurement error Control group response Explanation: The placebo effect occurs when patients improve due to their expectation of treatment rather than the treatment itself. 8 / 100 What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? Energy production Waste disposal Protein and lipid synthesis DNA replication Explanation: The ER synthesizes proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER), and transports materials throughout the cell. 9 / 100 What is oxidation? Gain of electrons Gain of protons Loss of neutrons Loss of electrons Explanation: Oxidation is the loss of electrons from an atom or molecule, often involving combination with oxygen. 10 / 100 Which cells are responsible for immune system memory? T-helper cells B-memory cells Natural killer cells Plasma cells Explanation: B-memory cells remember previous infections and enable faster, stronger immune responses upon re-exposure. 11 / 100 What is sampling bias? Using too small samples Non-representative sample selection Measuring wrong variables Incorrect statistical analysis Explanation: Sampling bias occurs when the sample doesn't accurately represent the population being studied. 12 / 100 What is the function of hemoglobin? Fight infections Clot blood Transport oxygen Digest food Explanation: Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen throughout the body. 13 / 100 What is the difference between physical and chemical changes? Temperature requirements differ Physical changes are reversible Chemical changes alter molecular composition Time duration differs Explanation: Chemical changes alter the molecular composition creating new substances, while physical changes don't change chemical identity. 14 / 100 Which structure connects muscle to bone? Ligament Tendon Cartilage Joint capsule Explanation: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones, enabling movement. 15 / 100 What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data? Sample size difference Descriptive versus numerical Laboratory versus field Primary versus secondary Explanation: Qualitative data is descriptive (colors, behaviors), while quantitative data is numerical (measurements, counts). 16 / 100 Which phase of meiosis results in crossing over? Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Explanation: Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. 17 / 100 What is a catalyst? Substance that gets consumed in reaction Substance that speeds up reactions Substance that slows down reactions Substance that changes reaction products Explanation: A catalyst speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy without being consumed in the process. 18 / 100 Which part of the brain controls heart rate and breathing? Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla oblongata Hypothalamus Explanation: The medulla oblongata in the brainstem controls vital functions like heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. 19 / 100 What is a double-blind study? Study with two control groups Study lasting two years Neither subjects nor researchers know group assignments Study with two independent variables Explanation: In double-blind studies, neither participants nor researchers know who receives treatment, reducing bias. 20 / 100 What is the function of the nucleolus? DNA storage Ribosome assembly Protein synthesis Lipid production Explanation: The nucleolus is where ribosomal RNA is synthesized and ribosomal subunits are assembled. 21 / 100 What is the pH range of acids? 0 to 7 0 to 6.9 7 to 14 8 to 14 Explanation: Acids have a pH less than 7, with 0 being the most acidic and 6.9 still acidic but closer to neutral. 22 / 100 Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands during stress? Insulin Cortisol Thyroxine Growth hormone Explanation: Cortisol is released by the adrenal cortex during stress to help the body respond to stressful situations. 23 / 100 What is external validity in research? Internal consistency of results Ability to generalize findings Statistical significance level Sample size adequacy Explanation: External validity refers to how well research findings can be generalized to other populations and settings. 24 / 100 Which process produces the most ATP in cellular respiration? Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport chain Fermentation Explanation: The electron transport chain produces the most ATP (about 32-34 molecules) during cellular respiration. 25 / 100 What is an isotope? Different element entirely Same element, different electrons Same element, different protons Same element, different neutrons Explanation: Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. 26 / 100 Which structure produces bile? Gallbladder Liver Pancreas Small intestine Explanation: The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and helps digest fats in the small intestine. 27 / 100 What is the purpose of statistical significance testing? To prove causation To calculate sample size To measure effect size To determine if results are due to chance Explanation: Statistical significance testing determines whether observed results are likely due to chance or represent real effects. 28 / 100 What is the end product of glycolysis? Glucose Pyruvate Lactate Carbon dioxide Explanation: Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, which can then enter cellular respiration. 29 / 100 What is the atomic mass of an element determined by? Number of protons only Number of electrons only Protons plus neutrons Neutrons minus protons Explanation: Atomic mass is determined by the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. 30 / 100 Which muscle is responsible for breathing? Intercostal muscles Pectoralis major Diaphragm Latissimus dorsi Explanation: The diaphragm is the primary muscle of respiration that contracts to draw air into the lungs. 31 / 100 What is the standard deviation used to measure? Central tendency Data spread Sample size Correlation strength Explanation: Standard deviation measures how spread out data points are from the mean (average) value. 32 / 100 Which organelle contains digestive enzymes? Lysosome Peroxisome Ribosome Centrosome Explanation: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and worn-out cellular components. 33 / 100 What is the process called when a solid changes directly to a gas? Melting Evaporation Sublimation Condensation Explanation: Sublimation is the phase transition where a solid changes directly to a gas without becoming liquid. 34 / 100 Which valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle? Tricuspid valve Pulmonary valve Mitral valve Aortic valve Explanation: The aortic valve prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. 35 / 100 What is correlation coefficient used to measure? Causation between variables Statistical significance Strength of linear relationship Sample size adequacy Explanation: Correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of linear relationship between two variables. 36 / 100 What is the function of ribosomes attached to rough ER? Lipid synthesis Protein synthesis for secretion Carbohydrate metabolism DNA replication Explanation: Ribosomes on rough ER synthesize proteins destined for secretion or membrane incorporation. 37 / 100 Which element is most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere? Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen Argon Explanation: Nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of Earth's atmosphere, while oxygen comprises about 21%. 38 / 100 Which part of the nephron is responsible for initial filtration? Glomerulus Loop of Henle Collecting duct Proximal tubule Explanation: The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries where blood filtration begins in the kidney nephron. 39 / 100 What is a Type I error in hypothesis testing? Accepting a true hypothesis Rejecting a false hypothesis Rejecting a true hypothesis Accepting a false hypothesis Explanation: A Type I error occurs when researchers incorrectly reject a true null hypothesis (false positive). 40 / 100 Which type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis at ribosomes? Messenger RNA Transfer RNA Ribosomal RNA All of the above Explanation: All three types of RNA work together: mRNA carries the code, tRNA brings amino acids, and rRNA forms ribosome structure. 41 / 100 What happens to the volume of a gas when temperature increases at constant pressure? It decreases It increases It stays the same It becomes negative Explanation: According to Charles's Law, gas volume increases proportionally with temperature when pressure remains constant. 42 / 100 Which bone is commonly known as the collarbone? Clavicle Humerus Scapula Sternum Explanation: The clavicle, or collarbone, connects the shoulder blade to the breastbone and stabilizes the shoulder. 43 / 100 Which type of study follows subjects over an extended period? Cross-sectional study Longitudinal study Case study Experimental study Explanation: Longitudinal studies track the same subjects over time to observe changes and development patterns. 44 / 100 What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus? Protein synthesis Energy production Packaging and shipping DNA replication Explanation: The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and ships proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum. 45 / 100 Which subatomic particle has no electrical charge? Proton Electron Neutron Ion Explanation: Neutrons are electrically neutral particles found in the nucleus alongside positively charged protons. 46 / 100 Which structure in the eye is responsible for focusing light? Cornea Lens Retina Pupil Explanation: The lens changes shape to focus light rays onto the retina, allowing for clear vision at different distances. 47 / 100 What is the difference between accuracy and precision in measurements? They mean the same thing Accuracy is closeness to true value Precision is consistency of measurements Both B and C are correct Explanation: Accuracy refers to how close measurements are to the true value, while precision refers to how consistent repeated measurements are. 48 / 100 Which process allows bacteria to reproduce asexually? Mitosis Meiosis Binary fission Conjugation Explanation: Binary fission is the asexual reproduction method where a bacterial cell divides into two identical daughter cells. 49 / 100 What is the molecular formula for water? HO H2O H2O2 OH Explanation: Water consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom, giving it the formula H2O. 50 / 100 Which component of blood is responsible for clotting? Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Plasma Explanation: Platelets are cell fragments that aggregate at injury sites to form clots and prevent excessive bleeding. 51 / 100 What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis? Type of cells produced Number of cell divisions Duration of process Energy required Explanation: Mitosis produces identical diploid somatic cells, while meiosis produces genetically diverse haploid gametes (sex cells). 52 / 100 Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion? Hinge joint Pivot joint Ball-and-socket joint Fixed joint Explanation: Ball-and-socket joints (like the shoulder and hip) allow movement in multiple directions with the greatest range of motion. 53 / 100 What is the dependent variable in an experiment? The factor being manipulated The factor being measured The control condition The sample size Explanation: The dependent variable is what researchers measure to see if it changes in response to the independent variable. 54 / 100 Which group on the periodic table contains the noble gases? Group 1 Group 2 Group 17 Group 18 Explanation: Group 18 (formerly Group VIII) contains the noble gases, which have complete outer electron shells. 55 / 100 What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells? Water storage Photosynthesis Protein synthesis Cell division Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are the sites where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells. 56 / 100 Which digestive enzyme breaks down proteins? Amylase Lipase Pepsin Lactase Explanation: Pepsin is a protein-digesting enzyme produced in the stomach that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. 57 / 100 What is the purpose of randomization in experimental design? To reduce sample size To eliminate bias To speed up results To save money Explanation: Randomization helps eliminate bias by ensuring that participants are assigned to groups by chance rather than selection. 58 / 100 What determines the chemical properties of an element? Number of neutrons Number of protons Number of electrons Atomic mass Explanation: The number of electrons, particularly valence electrons, determines how an element will react chemically. 59 / 100 Which molecule carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes? mRNA tRNA rRNA ATP Explanation: Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes for protein synthesis. 60 / 100 Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body? Left atrium Left ventricle Right ventricle Right atrium Explanation: The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood returning from the body through the vena cava. 61 / 100 What is a confounding variable? The measured outcome The manipulated factor An uncontrolled influence The control group Explanation: A confounding variable is an uncontrolled factor that might influence the results and make it difficult to determine causation. 62 / 100 Which type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons? Covalent bond Ionic bond Hydrogen bond Van der Waals Explanation: Ionic bonds form when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another, creating charged ions. 63 / 100 What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells? Energy production Protein synthesis Structural support Waste removal Explanation: The cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells, maintaining cell shape and preventing over-expansion. 64 / 100 Which gland is known as the "master gland" of the endocrine system? Thyroid Pituitary Adrenal Pancreas Explanation: The pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands by releasing hormones that regulate their function. 65 / 100 Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme values? Mean Median Mode Range Explanation: The mean (average) is most influenced by extreme values because all data points are included in its calculation. 66 / 100 What is the maximum number of electrons in the first electron shell? 1 4 8 2 Explanation: The first electron shell (K shell) can hold a maximum of 2 electrons in the 1s orbital. 67 / 100 Which cellular process breaks down glucose to release energy? Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Fermentation Protein synthesis Explanation: Cellular respiration breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP (energy) for cellular processes. 68 / 100 Which structure connects bone to bone? Tendon Ligament Cartilage Fascia Explanation: Ligaments are connective tissues that connect bone to bone, providing joint stability. 69 / 100 What is the first step in the scientific method? Form a hypothesis Conduct an experiment Make observations Analyze data Explanation: The scientific method begins with making observations about the natural world to identify questions for investigation. 70 / 100 Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape? Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Explanation: Liquids have definite volume but take the shape of their container, unlike solids which have both definite volume and shape. 71 / 100 What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication? Unwinds the double helix Adds new nucleotides Seals DNA fragments Proofreads for errors Explanation: DNA polymerase is the enzyme that adds complementary nucleotides to form new DNA strands during replication. 72 / 100 Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart? Vena cava Aorta Pulmonary vein Pulmonary artery Explanation: The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body. 73 / 100 What is a limitation of observational studies compared to experiments? They cost more They take longer They require more participants They cannot establish causation Explanation: Observational studies can show correlation but cannot definitively establish cause-and-effect relationships like controlled experiments. 74 / 100 What type of reaction occurs when an acid and base neutralize each other? Synthesis Decomposition Neutralization Oxidation Explanation: A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid and base react to form water and a salt. 75 / 100 Which process produces gametes (sex cells)? Mitosis Binary fission Meiosis Budding Explanation: Meiosis is the process that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the chromosome number. 76 / 100 Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination? Cerebrum Cerebellum Brain stem Hypothalamus Explanation: The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining balance, posture, and coordinating voluntary movements. 77 / 100 What is the purpose of peer review in scientific research? To speed publication To evaluate research quality To reduce research costs To limit research topics Explanation: Peer review involves experts evaluating research for accuracy, methodology, and significance before publication. 78 / 100 What is the charge of a proton? Negative Positive Neutral Variable Explanation: Protons carry a positive electrical charge, while electrons are negative and neutrons are neutral. 79 / 100 What is the complementary base pair for adenine in DNA? Guanine Cytosine Thymine Uracil Explanation: In DNA, adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T) through hydrogen bonding. 80 / 100 Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels? Insulin Adrenaline Cortisol Thyroxine Explanation: Insulin, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood glucose by facilitating cellular glucose uptake. 81 / 100 Which type of graph is best for showing changes over time? Bar graph Pie chart Scatter plot Line graph Explanation: Line graphs effectively show trends and changes in data over time by connecting data points. 82 / 100 What happens to the atomic number when an atom gains an electron? It increases It decreases It stays the same It becomes negative Explanation: The atomic number represents the number of protons, which doesn't change when an atom gains or loses electrons. 83 / 100 Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis? Nucleus Ribosome Lysosome Golgi apparatus Explanation: Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized using information from mRNA. 84 / 100 Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in which structures? Alveoli Bronchi Bronchioles Trachea Explanation: Alveoli are tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and bloodstream. 85 / 100 What does it mean when experimental results are reproducible? They support the hypothesis They can be repeated with similar outcomes They use expensive equipment They take a long time Explanation: Reproducible results mean that the same experiment can be repeated by others and yield consistent results. 86 / 100 Which element has the chemical symbol Na? Sodium Nitrogen Nickel Neon Explanation: Na is the chemical symbol for sodium, derived from the Latin word "natrium." 87 / 100 What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Size difference only Membrane-bound nucleus presence Number of chromosomes Cell wall composition Explanation: Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus, while prokaryotic cells have genetic material freely floating in the cytoplasm. 88 / 100 Which muscle type is found in the walls of internal organs? Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Voluntary muscle Explanation: Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle found in the walls of internal organs like the stomach and blood vessels. 89 / 100 What is the independent variable in an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth? Plant height Amount of water Room temperature Type of fertilizer Explanation: The independent variable is what the researcher manipulates (type of fertilizer) to observe its effect on the dependent variable. 90 / 100 How many electrons can the second electron shell hold at maximum? 2 6 8 10 Explanation: The second electron shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons (2 in the s orbital and 6 in the p orbitals). 91 / 100 Which process allows plants to convert sunlight into chemical energy? Respiration Photosynthesis Transpiration Fermentation Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen. 92 / 100 The smallest functional unit of the nervous system is the: Dendrite Axon Neuron Synapse Explanation: A neuron is the basic functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of dendrites, cell body, and axon. 93 / 100 Which of the following best describes a hypothesis? A proven fact A testable prediction A final conclusion A random guess Explanation: A hypothesis is a testable prediction or educated guess about the relationship between variables. 94 / 100 What is the pH of a neutral solution at room temperature? 5 6 7 8 Explanation: A neutral solution has a pH of 7, which is neither acidic (below 7) nor basic (above 7). 95 / 100 During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equator? Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Explanation: During metaphase, chromosomes line up at the cell's equator (metaphase plate) before separating. 96 / 100 Which organ is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood? Liver Kidney Spleen Pancreas Explanation: The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products and excess water, forming urine for elimination. 97 / 100 In an experiment, what is the purpose of a control group? To test the hypothesis To provide comparison data To eliminate all variables To speed up the process Explanation: A control group provides baseline data for comparison with the experimental group to determine the effect of the variable being tested. 98 / 100 What type of chemical bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms? Ionic bond Covalent bond Hydrogen bond Metallic bond Explanation: Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons to achieve stable electron configurations. 99 / 100 What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell? Protein synthesis DNA storage Energy production Waste removal Explanation: Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they produce ATP through cellular respiration. 100 / 100 Which body system is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body? Respiratory system Circulatory system Digestive system Nervous system Explanation: The circulatory system pumps blood containing oxygen and nutrients to all body tissues through the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Your score isThe average score is 0% 0% Restart quiz